Immigration Policy Challenges and Opportunities in Facing Illegal Migration
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53787/iconev.v5i1.51Keywords:
Border Control, Human Rights, Immigration Policy, Immigration Technology, Illegal MigrationAbstract
Illegal migration is a global phenomenon that continues to be of concern to various countries because of its impact on social stability, the economy and national security. Immigration policy has an important role in managing illegal migration flows through various strategies, including border control, international cooperation, and the use of technology. However, policies that are too restrictive can cause negative impacts, such as increased human trafficking and exploitation of migrant workers. On the other hand, illegal migration also provides economic opportunities, such as meeting labor needs and increasing remittances for the country of origin. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive-analytical methods. Data was collected through a literature study which included analysis of immigration policy documents, reports from related institutions, as well as previous research on illegal migration. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted with various stakeholders, such as immigration officials, academics and international organizations working in the field of migration. The data analysis technique used is content analysis, which allows identifying patterns, trends and policy implications for the effectiveness of managing illegal migration. The research results show that effective immigration policies must balance law enforcement, protection of human rights, and the use of digital technology to improve immigration monitoring and services. With a comprehensive and adaptive approach, immigration policy can become a more effective instrument in facing the challenge of illegal migration in a sustainable manner.
References
A LITTLE. (2021). World migration report 2022. International Organization for Migration.
A LITTLE. (2021). World Migration Report 2022. International Organization for Migration.
A LOT. (2023). Migration, climate change, and environmental sustainability. International Organization for Migration.
Betts, A., & Collier, P. (2017). Refuge: Transforming a broken refugee system. Penguin UK.
Betts, A., & Collier, P. (2018). Refuge: Transforming a broken refugee system. Oxford University Press.
Borjas, G. J. (2018). We wanted workers: Unraveling the immigration narrative. W. W. Norton & Company.
Boswell, C. (2018). Migration and security policies in the global context. Oxford University Press.
Broeders, D., & Dijstelbloem, H. (2021). The datafication of mobility: Data-driven surveillance and migration control. Routledge.
Brothers, D. (2020). Digital borders and real rights: Effective remedies for digital surveillance practices. Oxford University Press.
Castles, S. (2017). The age of migration: International population movements in the modern world. Guilford Press.
Castles, S., & Miller, M. J. (2020). The age of migration: International population movements in the modern world. Palgrave Macmillan.
Castles, S., de Haas, H., & Miller, M. J. (2020). The age of migration: International population movements in the modern world (6th ed.). Guilford Press.
Cornelisse, G. (2020). The constitutionalization of immigration detention: Between EU law and the European Convention on Human Rights. Springer.
Fauzan, M. (2023). Immigration diplomacy in the era of globalization. Journal of Public Policy, 15(2), 45–60.
Fitri, R. (2022). Evaluation of the Eazy Passport Program at the TPI Nunukan Class II Immigration Office. Journal of Public Administration, 10(2), 45–59.
Geddes, A., & Scholten, P. (2016). The politics of migration and immigration in Europe. SAGE Publications.
Guild, E. (2019). Immigration and criminal law in the European Union: The legal measures and social consequences of criminal law in member states on trafficking and smuggling in human beings. Brill.
Guild, E., Basaran, T., & Allinson, K. (2019). Global labour and the migrant rights crisis in Europe. Routledge.
Hidayat, M. (2023). Implementation of the M-Passport application in public services at the TPI Palembang Class I Immigration Office. Public Management Scientific Journal, 15(1), 112–130.
Hollifield, J. F., Martin, P. L., & Orrenius, P. M. (2014). Controlling immigration: A global perspective (3rd ed.). Stanford University Press.
Marginson, S. (2020). Higher education and international student mobility in the global knowledge economy. Cambridge University Press.
Martin, P. (2020). Managing labor migration in the twenty-first century. Yale University Press.
Nugroho, D. (2024). Immigration transformation 2024: Service innovation and policy strengthening in the Red and White Cabinet era. Journal of Public Policy, 8(3), 98–115.
OECD. (2022). Talent attraction and migration policies in OECD countries. OECD Publishing.
Portes, A., & Rumbaut, R. G. (2014). Immigrant America: A portrait. University of California Press.
Pratama, Y. (2021). Public relations strategy of the Directorate General of Immigration in facing the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Journal of Public Communication, 7(2), 150–165.
Rahman, T., & Santoso, B. (2023). Management information systems and public service quality: Studies at the Immigration Office. Journal of Management and Public Policy, 6(1), 85–101.
Setiawan, R. (2022). Implementation of AI in immigration administration at the Class I Non TPI Bogor Immigration Office. Journal of Government Technology, 9(1), 78–92.
South Jakarta Immigration. (2023). Dare to innovate with a spirit of improvement. Press Release from the Directorate General of Immigration.
Sugiono, A. (2022). Analysis of the Golden Visa policy in increasing foreign investment in Indonesia. Journal of Economics and Public Policy, 10(1), 20–35.
Suharto, R. (2021). Competition between local and foreign workers: Challenges and policy solutions. Journal of Employment, 8(2), 75–90.
Suryanto, A. (2021). Zero drop service at the TPI Singaraja Class II Immigration Office: Evaluation and impact on public services. Journal of Digital Administration and Innovation, 5(3), 123–137.
Suyanto, E. (2023). Adaptation strategy in immigration management in the digital era. Journal of Government Science, 11(2), 67–81.
Triandafyllidou, A. (2018). Handbook of migration and globalisation.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Economic Review
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International License. This license allows authors to copy and redistribute the material in any or medium format. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
How to Cite
